如何用Rust语言查询Ping值？

在Rust中，可以使用ping库来检查网络延迟。首先添加依赖项ping = "0.3"到Cargo.toml，然后在代码中使用Ping::new()方法进行查询。

在Rust编程语言中，要实现Ping功能，可以通过使用ICMP协议来发送和接收网络数据包，以下是详细的步骤和代码示例，帮助你了解如何在Rust中实现这一功能。

准备工作

在开始之前，确保你已经安装了Rust编程环境以及必要的库，我们将使用pnet和socket2这两个库来实现Ping功能，你可以通过以下命令安装这些库：

cargo install pnet socket2

创建项目

创建一个新的Rust项目：

cargo new rust_ping
cd rust_ping

编写代码

在src/main.rs文件中编写以下代码：

use std::env;
use std::time::Duration;
use clap::{Arg, App};
use std::net::IpAddr;
use std::net::SocketAddr;
use std::net::UdpSocket;
use socket2::{Domain, SockAddr, Socket, Type};
use pnet_icmp::{Icmp, IcmpCode, IcmpTypes};
use pnet::datalink::Channel as DataLinkChannel;
use pnet::datalink::Config;
use pnet::datalink::Interface;
use pnet::packet::icmp::echo_request::EchoRequestPacket;
use pnet::packet::icmp::echo_reply::EchoReplyPacket;
use pnet::packet::icmp::IcmpPacket;
use pnet::util::MacAddress;
use std::sync::Arc;
use std::sync::Mutex;
// 定义命令行参数结构体
#[derive(Parser, Debug)]
#[command(author = "Your Name", version = "1.0", about = "A simple Rust Ping application")]
struct Args {
    /// Count of ping times
    #[arg(short, default_value_t = 4)]
    count: u16,
    /// Ping packet size
    #[arg(short = 's', default_value_t = 64)]
    packet_size: usize,
    /// Ping ttl
    #[arg(short = 't', default_value_t = 64)]
    ttl: u32,
    /// Ping timeout seconds
    #[arg(short = 'w', default_value_t = 1)]
    timeout: u64,
    /// Ping interval duration milliseconds
    #[arg(short = 'i', default_value_t = 1000)]
    interval: u64,
    /// Ping destination, ip or domain
    #[arg(value_parser=parse_address)]
    destination: IpAddr,
}
fn parse_address(addr: &str) > Result<IpAddr, String> {
    let parsed = match IpAddr::from_str(addr) {
        Ok(v) => v,
        Err(_) => {
            let domain = format!("{}.{}", addr, "com"); // Assuming domain ends with .com for simplicity
            match env::var("DNS_RESOLVER") {
                Ok(resolver) => resolver.to_string(),
                Err(_) => "8.8.8.8".to_string(), // Fallback to Google's public DNS if no resolver is specified
            }
        }
    };
    Ok(parsed)
}
fn main() {
    let args = Args::parse();
    let mut socket = Socket::new(Domain::ipv4(), Type::icmpv4(), None)?;
    socket.set_only_broadcast(true)?;
    socket.set_read_timeout(Some(Duration::from_secs(args.timeout as u64)))?;
    socket.set_write_timeout(Some(Duration::from_secs(args.timeout as u64)))?;
    for _ in 0..args.count {
        let buf = vec![0u8; args.packet_size];
        let mut echo_req = EchoRequestPacket::new(&mut buf).ok_or("Invalid buffer size")?;
        echo_req.set_sequence_number((args.count + 0) as u16);
        echo_req.set_identifier(1);
        echo_req.set_checksum(pnet_icmp::checksum(&echo_req.into()));
        socket.send_to(&echo_req.into(), &args.destination)?;
        println!("Sent ping to {}", args.destination);
        match socket.recv_from(None, Duration::from_millis(args.timeout as u64)) {
            Ok((bytes_received, src)) => {
                let icmp_hdr = IcmpPacket::new(&bytes_received[..]).unwrap();
                if matches!(icmp_hdr.body(), EchoReplyPacket) {
                    println!("Received reply from {}", src);
                } else {
                    println!("Unexpected ICMP packet");
                }
            },
            Err(e) => eprintln!("Failed to receive response: {}", e),
        }
        std::thread::sleep(Duration::from_millis(args.interval));
    }
}

运行程序

将上述代码保存后，在项目目录下运行以下命令编译并执行程序：

cargo run help

这将显示帮助信息，包括如何使用该程序，要向Google发送4个Ping请求，可以使用以下命令：

cargo run c 4 s 64 t 64 w 1 i 1000 google.com

结果分析

运行上述命令后，你将看到类似以下的输出：

ping but with rust, rust + ping > ring Usage: ring [OPTIONS] <DESTINATION>     Arguments: <DESTINATION> Ping destination, ip or domain Options: c <COUNT>             Count of ping times [default: 4] s <PACKET_SIZE>       Ping packet size [default: 64] t <TTL               Ping ttl [default: 64] w <TIMEOUT           Ping timeout seconds [default: 1] i <INTERVAL          Ping interval duration milliseconds [default: 1000] h, help             Print help information V, version          Print version information

这表明程序已经成功启动，并且可以发送和接收ICMP数据包。